Perspectives of Emile Durkheim and Karl Marx Essay -- Sociology Compar

Perspectives of Emile Durkheim and Karl Marx The seventeenth and eighteenth centuries were full of evolving sociable and economic ideas. These views of the social structure of urban parliamentary law came about through the development of ideas taken from the early(prenominal) revolutions. As the Industrial Revolution progressed through out the world, so did the gap between the class structures. The development of a capitalist friendship was a very(prenominal) favorable goal for the upper class. By using advanced methods of production introduced by the Industrial Revolution, they were able to earn a substantial surplus by ruling the middle class. Thus, maintaining their present class of life, while the middle class was exploited and degraded. At this time in history, social theorists analogous Emile Durkheim and Karl Marx challenged the aspect of social structure in their works. Emile Durkheim is kn take as a functionalist states that everything serves a function in society and h is main concern to discover what that function was. On the early(a) hand Karl Marx, a conflict theorist, stresses that society is a complex system characterized by inequality and conflict that generate social change. Both Durkheim and Marx were concerned with the characteristics of groups and structures quite than with individuals. The functionalist perspective in society is a view of society that focuses on the way various parts of society retain functions, or possible effects that maintain the stability of the whole. Durkheim developed the idea of society as an integrated system of interrelated parts. He wanted to establish how the various parts of society contribute to the maintenance of the whole. He also focused on how various elements of social structure function to maintain social order and equilibrium. Durkheim stressed that last is the product of a community and non of single individuals. He argued that the ultimate reality of human life is sociological and not psycho logical. The sociological reality, which Durkheim called the collective conscience, exists beyond the individual and individual actions. Durkheim characterizes collective conscience as a totality of beliefs and sentiments common to average citizens of the same society forms a determinate system which has its own life (Ritzer, 82). In Durkheims opinion a whole is not identical to the sum of its parts, thus society is not just a stainless sum of individu... ...sbands property (Ritzer, 63). Marx says that this corresponds precisely the definition of unequal division of labor in the modern society. Where an employer degraded a worker until the worker becomes the hush-hush property of the industry and therefore no different than a slave. Just as a slave is not free to decide whether or not to work on a given day, neither is the worker. Both must work in order to survive. Ultimately, many social thinkers in the history of sociology have challenged the topic of social structure in their works. Social thinkers like Emile Durkheim and Karl Marx have spent their entire lives formulating theories that would explain the status of individuals in societies. From a functionalist perspective sociologist like Emile Durkheim looks at society as a system with various parts that contribute to the maintenance of the whole. On the other hand Karl Marx, a conflict theorist, stresses that society is a complex system characterized by inequality and conflict that generate social change. Both theorists looked at a social system as a set of mutually supporting elements, unlike for Mark, it was hard for Durkheim to explain how change might occur in a society.